March 9, Infection Control: NCLEX Review Summary
Infection Control NCLEX Review
Everyone taking the NCLEX or is about to take the NCLEX has realized that the NCSBN had change some of the content format of the NCLEX. One of the big changes includes the percent amount of Safety and Infection Control that will be on the NCLEX. The “Safety and Infection Control” now makes up about 8-14% of the questions in the NCLEX, I believe that it only previously composed of about 9-12% prior (or I could be wrong).
Infection Control
Recently Infection Control makes up about 10- 13% of the NCLEX. That means that if you are able to get the average of about 130-150 questions, then you are guaranteed to recieved between 15- 20 questions that is related to Infection Control. Even if we get the least (75) amount of questions, we can still receive about 7-9 questions that is related to infection control, that is a HUGE help, if we do well on these questions. I personally dont think that Infection control is a difficult area. I believe that most of the nursing students never really studied “Infection Control,” when they were in Nursing School. Therefore, this lack of knowledge did not prepare the majority of the Nursing Student for the NCLEX.
Standard Precautions
– is always done in congruent with the other types of precautions.
Transmission-based Precautions includes:
A – Airborne
D – Droplet
C – Contact
Airborne Precaution
- is done when small droplets of infected pathogens are about ( 5 um) are suspended in the air over time and travels a distance of more than (3) three feet.
AIRBORNE PRECAUTION is used with these diseases:
My – Measles
- Measles- or rubeola
- Can be transmitted through blood urine and droplets
- Communicable about 4-5 days after the rash
- Treatment: Bedrest and antibiotics
Chicken – Chickenpox
- Chickenpox (Varicella)
- Pt. will have a slight fever
- macular rash appears on trunk and eventually turn to crust.
Hez – Herpes Zoster (Disseminated)
TB – Tuberculosis
- Private room
- Negative pressure with 6-12 air exchanges per hour
- UV
- Mask
- N95 Mask for TB
DROPLET PRECAUTION
S – Sepsis
S – Scarlet fever
S – Streptococcal pharyngitis
P – Pneumonia
I – Influenza
D – Diptheria (Pharyngeal)
E – Epiglottitis
What is necesary: Private room and Mask
Contact Precation
M – Multidrug resistant organism
R – Respiratory infection – RSV
E – Enteric infections – clostridium defficile
E – Eye infections
Skin Infections:
V – Varicella zoster
C – Cutaneous diptheria
H – Herpes simplex
I – Impetigo
S – Scabies, Staphylococcus
Private room
Gloves
Gowns
NCLEX Review on Infection Control
It is really important to study and understand Infection Control for the NCLEX Exam.
Lets look at Infection Control more closely for the NCLEX:
INFECTION CONTROL: NCLEX REVIEW
♣♣♣ Nclex Infection Control Review on Contact Precautions ♣♣♣
Contact Precautions -Any Physical Skin-Skin Contact
-Contact with contaminated inanimate objects
*Clean (non-sterile) gloves must be used.
*Change gloves after contact with feces, and/or wound drainage
*Remove gloves & wash hands w/antimicrobial cleanser
* Use gown if RN will have contact with, or if client is incontinent, has an iliostomy/colostomy, wound drainage.
* Remove gown before leaving client’s room
Infection Control NCLEX Diseases
Contact Precautions Diseases:
* MRSA
* Vancomycin resistant organisms
* Herpes simplex & zoster
* Hep A
* GI, Wound, & UTIs
* Pediculosis
* Scabies
* C. diff
* RSV
* Hep A if patient is diapered or incontinent
Lyme Disease Stage 1 = rash/papule at area of tick bite (2-30 days), concentric rings/bull’s eye, lesion enlarges quickly. Regional lymphadenopathy. Flu-like symptoms (malaise, fever, HA, myalgia, arthralgia, conjunctivitis) within one to several months.
Stage 2 (if untreated for 1-6 mo.) = Cardiac conduction defects. Neurological disorders: facial paralysis, paralysis that is not permanent.
Stage 3 = Arthralgias, enlarged or inflamed joints, chronic fatigue, cognitive disorders.
♦♦♦ NCLEX DISEASES: Airborne Precautions ♦♦♦
Airborne Precautions < 5 Microns
Make sure that these patients would require:
- PRIVATE ROOM
- CLOSED DOOR
- FILTERED MASK
Client requires a private room w/ neg air pressure and 6-12 air exchanges per hour.
Door must remain closed
N-95 Hepa filter mask
NCLEX DISEASES: Airborne Precautions
Diseases:
* TB (m. Tuberculosis) MUST WEAR FIT TESTED MASK
* Measles (rubeola)
* Chicken Pox (varicella)
* Shingles (disseminated zoster)
♠♠♠ Nclex Infection Control Review on Droplet Precautions ♠♠♠
Droplet Precautions > 5 Microns
Client requires a private room
Room door may remain open
Any contact with conjunctiva or mucous membranes (nose or mouth), coughing, sneezing, talking or procedures such as suctioning or bronchoscopy
Must maintain spatial separation of 3 feet
If < 3 feet, staff or visitors must wear a mask (i.e. staff giving direct care)
* When transporting client, s/he must wear a mask
Diseases:
* Diptheria
* Streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis
* certain pneumonias
* Meningitis -If caused by H. influenzae Type B or N. meningitidis
* Mumps
* Pertussis
* Scarlet fever
Nclex Infection Control Review on Aids
AIDS — opportunistic infections
- TB
- PCP (P. carinii – pneumonia)
- C. albicans
- C. neoformans (debilitating meningitis)
- CMV, Kaposi’s sarcoma (most common malignancy)
AIDS Syndrome +ve for HIV in blood (+ve ELISA with a Western Blot or indirect immunoflourescence assay (IFA) follow up) and CD4/TC counts below 200
NCLEX Infection Control: Transmission of Hepatitis
- Hep A transmission Fecal/Oral (shellfish in contaminated water, contaminated food handlers etc.)
Hep B transmission Parenteral (blood). maternal – fetal, sexual contact
Hep C transmission Parenteral (blood), sexual contact
Hep D transmission co-infects w/ Hep B
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- 1 comment
- Posted under Medical-Surgical, NCLEX Reviews
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Elsie Dume
said
This is very relevant, thank you for helping us with the infection controls .