NCLEX Review & Nursing School

The Urinary System

Approximate Study Time: 2 hrs.

The Urinary System

ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE   (5 mins.)
POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE   (5 mins.)
NEPHROTIC SYNDROM   (5 mins.)
GLOMERULONEPHRITS/ PYELONEPHRITIS   (5 mins.)
Glomerulonephritis   (5 mins.)
Urinary Calculi/ Urilithiasis   (5 mins.)
RENAL CELL CARCINOMA   (5 mins.)
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE   (10 mins.)
CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE   (10 mins.)
OBSTRUCTIVE DISORDERS   (5 mins.)
RENAL DIALYSIS   (10 mins.)
Renal Transplantation   (5 mins.)

Re-Review of the entire system  (3o mins.)

The Urinary System

– is a vital system in the body that enables us to produce, store and eliminate urine.

MAINLY COMPOSED OF:
– the Kidneys
– the Prostate
– the Ureters
– the Bladder
– the Urethra

Although it is not necessary to have the physiology of each anatomy committed to your memory, it is very important to understand the concept and function of each.

DIAGNOSTIC TESTS WITH THE URINARY SYSTEM:

URINANALYSIS

BUN Level            10-20 mg/dl
Creatinine Level            0.5- 1.5 mg/dl
Calcium                 9- 11 mg/ dl
Urine Specific Gravity        1.003- 1.030

ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE

Hyponatremia (decreased sodium)
Muscle weaknes, Headaches
Fatigue, confusion, vomiting, coma

Hpernatremia (increased sodium)
Tachycardia, dry mucus membrane
decreased urinary output

Hypokalemia (decreased pottasium)
Anorexia, nausea, vomiting
abdominal distention

Hyperkalemia (increased pottasium)
Irritability, nausea and vomiting
diarrhea

Hypokalcemia (decreased calcium)
osteoporosis, fractures, muscle spasms
tetany, n & v, vomiting.

Hypercalcemia (increased calcium)
Renal calculi, coma, arrythmias, decreased reflex

POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE

NEPHROTIC SYNDROME

GLOMERULONEPHRITIS/ PYELONEPHRITIS

Pyelonephritis

Glomerulonephritis

Urinary Calculi/ Urilithiasis

RENAL CELL CARCINOMA

Uterine Cancer

ACUTE RENAL FAILURE

CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

OBSTRUCTIVE DISORDERS

RENAL DIALYSIS

Renal Transplantation

Hypospadias