NCLEX Review & Nursing School

Anemia

• – is an underlying condition in which the hemoglobin concentration in lower than normal, it is reflected by the presence of lower than normal RBC’s in the circulation.  Due to this, there is a low amount of oxygenation delivered within the body tissues.

Sickle Cell Anemia

More on Sickle Cell Anemia

• It is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that is a result of an abnormal shape of the RBC’s (sickle cells).

Types of Sickle Cell Crisis:

Vaso occlusive Crisis

• Painful swelling in extremities
• Fever
• Engorged tissues

– this is caused by stasis of the blood due to clumping.

Splenic Sequestration

– pooling and clamping of blood within the spleen.

Assessment:

• Low Hematocrit
• Hypovolemia
• Reduced BP
• Shock

Aplastic Crisis

– diminished production and increased destruction of RBC’s

Assessment:

• Anemia
• Pallor

Pernicious Anemia

• It is caused by the inability of the body to absorb Vitamin B12, which can be a result form a defciency of intrinsic factor, which is necessary for the absorption of B12 from the intestines.

Diagnostics: ♣  Schilling Test is used to diagnose pernicious anemia.

Assessment:

Aplastic Anemia

• It is a deficiency of the circulating erythrocytes as a results in the complications with the development of RBC’s within the bone marrow.

 

Iron Deficiency Anemia

– When giving oral iron med. administer to child w/ a straw. (Could stain the teeth)

 

 

 

 

♣ ♥ ♦    Remember for the NCLEX

– Take Iron with Orange Juice (Helps it absorb better).

– Polycythemia Vera patients can have stroke symptoms.