NCLEX Review & Nursing School

– A malignancy of the lymph nodes.

LYMPHOMA can be classified as either a HODGKIN’S DISEASE or a NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA.

In a Hodgkin’s disease, the Reed Sternberg cells proliferate in a single lymph node and travel vigorously through thE lymphatic system. In a malignant lymphoma, tumors occur throughout lymph nodes and lymphatic organs in unpredictable patterns. Malignant lymphoma maybe categorized as: lymphocytic, histiocytic, and mixed cell types.

MAIN CAUSES for Lymphoma would include environmental, genetics, immunologic and Viral infections. Assessment findings for lymphoma that is essential for the NCLEX include: Anorexia and weight loss, coughing, hepatomegaly, malaise and lethargy, night sweats, recurrent infections, pruritis and splenomegaly.

Early sign is pruritis, which can be mild at first but becomes acute as the disease progresses.
The progress of a Hodgkin’s Disease: Hodgkin’s disease occurs in four stages.

STAGE 1: Disease occurs in a single lymph node regiod or a single extralyphatic organ.
STAGE 2: Disease occurs in two or more nodes on same side of diaphragm or in an extralymphatic organ.
STAGE 3: Disease spreads to both sides of the diaphragm and perhaps to an extralymphatic organ, the spleen or both.
STAGE 4: Disease disseminates

DIAGNOSTIC TEST RESULTS FOR LYMPHOMA
Bone Marrow aspiration and biopsy reveals a small, diffuse lyphocytic or large , follicular type cells. Lymph node biopsy if positice for Reed Sternberg cells (Hodkin’s Disease).
TREATMENT: The diet for a patient with lymphoma would have a high protien diet, there would also be radiation therapy and there would be a transfusion of packed RBC’s. Chemotherapy: Hodgkin’s Disease

• HODKIN’S LYMPHOMA
• NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA

Nephroblastoma (Wilm’s Tumor)
– intrabdominal & kidney tumor in childhood.